comparison of alkaline treatment of lead contaminated wastewater using lime and sodium hydroxide比较碱性处理铅污染的废水用石灰和氢氧化钠.pdfVIP
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comparison of alkaline treatment of lead contaminated wastewater using lime and sodium hydroxide比较碱性处理铅污染的废水用石灰和氢氧化钠
J. Water Resource and Protection, 2010, 2, 282-290
doi:10.4236/jwarp.2010.23032 Published Online March 2010 (/journal/jwarp)
Comparison of Alkaline Treatment of Lead Contaminated
Wastewater Using Lime and Sodium Hydroxide
Sudhakar M. Rao1*, G. C. Raju2
1
Department of Civil Engineering Chairman, Center for Sustainable Technologies,
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
2Department of Civil Engineering, BMS College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
E-mail : msrao@civil.iisc.ernet.in
Received July 13, 2009; revised August 20, 2010; accepted August 26, 2010
Abstract
A lead-acid storage battery manufacturing industry in India produces several thousand liters of lead con-
taminated acidic wastewater on a daily basis and uses hydrated lime to render the lead-contaminated acidic
wastewater alkaline (pH = 8.0). Alkaline treatment of the acidic wastewater with lime though a cost-effective
method, generates copious amount of lead-contaminated gypsum sludge. Other alkali agents such as sodium
hydroxide, sodium carbonate and dolomite are also used for alkali treatment of the acid wastewaters. The
present paper compares the relative efficiency of hydrated lime and 0.05 M to 1 M NaOH solutions with re-
spect to 1) amounts of sludge produced, 2) immobilization of the soluble lead in the acidic wastewater
(AWW) and 3) increase in TDS (total dissolved solids) levels upon treatment of AWW with NaOH solutions
and lime. The study also performs equilibrium speciation upon alkaline treatment of AWW with lime and
NaOH (sodium hydroxide) solutions using the Visual MINTEQ program to understand the chemical reac-
tions occurring during treatment process.
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