二甲醚HCCI与柴油DI复合燃烧试验研究-BowenPublishing.DOC

二甲醚HCCI与柴油DI复合燃烧实验研究 段俊法1,2，孙志强1,杨振中1 （1.华北水利水电学院，河南 郑州450011；2.北京理工大学，北京 100081） 摘要:在一台电控共轨增压中冷柴油机上进行了二甲醚均质充量与柴油喷射复合燃烧的燃烧和排放特性实验研究。结果表明，二甲醚均质充量与柴油喷射复合燃烧方式的缸内压力和压力升高率的峰值有所提高，但峰值所处位置后移，缸内最高燃烧温度比纯柴油低，前期放热大于纯柴油喷射燃烧方式，但后期相反，具有三阶段的放热热性，其中第一段为二甲醚的均质压燃，第二段为二甲醚的均质压燃与柴油预喷的混合燃烧，第三阶段为柴油的预混和扩散燃烧；复合燃烧时发动机的NOx和碳烟排放均降低，排气温度有所降低。 关键词：二甲醚；均质充量；燃烧；排放 Combustion and Emissions of Diesel Engine Operating on Compound Combustion Mode of DME HCCI and Diesel DI ABSTRACT: Combustion and emissions characteristics were investigated on a high pressure common rail turbocharged diesel engine operating on compound combustion mode of Homogeneous charge of DME and diesel fuel injection. The results indicate that under a certain amount of premixing of DME with intake air, the maximum of cylinder pressure and pressure rise rate increase when the engine operating on compound combustion mode, however, the moments of these are delayed comparing with these of diesel fuel injection combustion mode. The peak of cylinder temperature is lower than that of the latter. The amount of heat release at the early stage is more than the diesel injection mode, however, the opposite at the later stage. The compound combustion mode has a characteristic of three-stage combustion, i.e., DME homogeneous compression combustion, the compound combustion of DME homogeneous compression combustion and the premixed combustion of diesel injection, and the premixed and diffusion combustion of diesel injection. When the engine operating on the compound combustion mode, NOx and Smoke emissions are reduced significantly; however, the increase of HC and CO emissions is observed. The exhaust temperature decreases. Key Words: DME; Homogeneous Charge; Combustion; Emissions 引言 柴油机因其良好的燃油经济性和适应性得到了越来越广泛的应用，但柴油机的碳烟和NOx排放问题较难解决，在柴油机中使用含氧燃料如醇类和醚类是解决排放问题的一条途径，也是解决石油资源不足的有效办法。我国能源结构中石油比重低、煤比重高，煤基二甲醚的供给充足，探索二甲醚在柴油机上的燃烧规律有重要的意义。 Westbrook CK[1] 和Ogawa H[2] 分别应用化学动力学对含氧燃料的燃烧进行了计算，结果表明含氧燃料可以降低发动机的碳烟和NOx排放。Konno 等人系统研究了纯二甲醚发动机的NO排放规律[3]，而Cipolat D等人的