儿童认知与儿童气质、双亲养育方式的相关性分析.pdfVIP

2 0 1 2 年 6 月 第 2 卷 第 1 2 期 ·论 著· 儿童认知与儿童气质、双亲养育方式的相关性分析 朱炜春 广州市第八人民医院儿科，广东广州 510050 [ 摘要 ] 目的 研究儿童认知与儿童气质、双亲养育方式的相关性。 方法 选取 414 名 3~6 岁的儿童作为研究对象，对其父 母进行了儿童行为问卷和父母养育方式问卷的问卷调查，对结果进行综合分析。 结果 儿童的良心认知水平受到性别、 年龄以及气质的影响，简单来说，年长相较于年幼、女孩相较于男孩的内疚情感和内化行为水平要明显为高，而且儿童的 气质特点也能够预测其内疚情感和内化行为的走向性；父母的养育方式同样影响到儿童的良心认知，父母的关心和控制 能够正向影响儿童情感，而惩罚和暴力因素则会负向影响儿童的情感认知。 结论 儿童的认知行为明显受到双亲的养育 方式和儿童气质的影响，在某种程度上也与年龄和性别相关，因此应当从积极的方面入手，正向的提高儿童的良心认知。 [ 关键词 ] 儿童；气质；双亲养育方式；认知水平 [ 中图分类号 ] B844.1 [ 文献标识码 ] A [ 文章编号 ] 2095-0616（2012）12-13-02 The correlation analysis of cognition,temperament and parental rearing pattern in child ZHU  Weichun Department of Pediatrics,the Eighth Peoples Hospital of Guangzhou,Guangzhou 510050,China [Abstract] Objective To study the correlation of cognition,temperament and parental rearing pattern in child. Methods 414 children were selected as the research object.The child behavior question and child raising pattern question were implied to parents,comprehensive analyzed the results. Results The sexuality,age and temperament affected the level of child cognition.Briefly speaking,the quilt feeling and internalization behavior level of senior citizens and boys were higher than youngs and girls,the feature of temperament could forecast quilt feeling and internalization behavior level;parental rearing pattern could affect childrens emotions, the parents care and control had positive influences on childrens emotions,the punishment and violence had negative influences on childrens emotions. Conclusion The parental rearing pattern,age,sexuality and temperament affected the level of child cognition. From the positive aspects,we should improve the level of child cognition. [Key