【英语】高考英语被动语态强调句型要点总结.docVIP

【英语】高考英语被动语态、强调句型要点总结 高中英语被动语态讲解 一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化　　被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：　??? 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时　　例：Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.?????? 2）has/have been done 现在完成时　　例：All the preparations for the task have beencompleted, and were ready to start.　　3） am/is /are being done 现在进行时　　例：A new cinema is being built here．　　4） was/were done 一般过去时　　例：I was given ten minutes to decide whether I shouldreject the offer.　　5） had been done 过去完成时　　例：By the end of last year, another new gymnasium hadbeen completed in Beijing.　　6） was/were being done 过去进行时　　例：A meeting was being held when I was there.　　7） shall/will be done/ be going to be done/be about to be done/ be to be to done一般将来时　　例：Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factorycloses.　　8） should/would be done; was/ were going to be done; was/ wereabout to be done; was/ were to be to done一般将来时　　例：The news would be sent to the soldiers mother assoon as it arrived.　　9） shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）　　例：The project will have been completed before July.　　10） should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用）　　例：He told me that his new clothes would have beenmade very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式　　 1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。　　 例：The baby should be taken good care of by thebaby-sitter.　 　2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语， 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语.?????? ?例：His mothergave him a present for his birthday. ?????????? 可改为 He was givena present by his mother for his birthday.　 　3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。　??? 例：Someonecaught the boy smoking a cigarette.?????????? 可改为The boy wascaught smoking a cigarette.　 　4）在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see,watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但为为被动结构时，要加to。　 　例：Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. ???????? ?可改为A strangerwas seen to walk into the building.? ?　5) 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。　 　例：T