2 marine environmental management 海洋环境管理.ppt

Here is an outline of the eleven high-level Descriptors currently being used by European Union member countries. These Descriptors are are explained with more detail in the hand-out. Each EU member nation must reach GES for each of these descriptors by 2020. * In December 2009, Scientific American magazine chose marine spatial planning as one of the ‘20 World Changing Ideas’. Marine spatial management or planning [MSP] is a?process?of?analyzing and allocating the spatial and temporal distribution of human activities in marine areas to achieve ecological, economic, and social objectives that usually have been decided through a political process. MSP is a practical way to create and establish a more rational use of marine space and the interactions between its uses - to balance demands for development with the need to protect the environment, and to achieve social and economic objectives in a planned way. National [and sub-national] governments, facing ever increasing demands for sea-use and access which usually exceeds the capacity of their marine areas, have begun to invest funds to more broadly rationalize their sea-use priorities with delivery through new marine spatial management processes. * In closing I would like to leave you with a Summary of the Trends we have discussed. Thank you for your attention. * CCICED – Task Force on Oceans 2009/2010 国合会海洋课题组 Prof. Peter Harrison Director, School of Policy Studies Queens University Kingston, Canada  INTERNATIONAL TRENDS IN MARINE AND COASTAL ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT 海洋与海岸生态系统管理的国际趋势 CCICED – Task Force on Oceans 2009/2010 Principal Pressures主要压力 Biological Disturbance 生物扰动 Eutrophication 富营养化 Hazardous Substances 有害物质 Physical Disturbance 物理干扰 Climate Change 气候变化 CCICED – Task Force on Oceans 2009/2010 Paradigm Shift 范式转变 Economic Opportunities 经济机会 ? Environmental Protection 环境保护 CCICED – Task Force on Oceans 2009/2010 Key Management Trends主要管理趋势 Marine Policy Statement 海洋政策陈述 C