abnormal behaviors and microstructural changes in white matter of juvenile mice repeatedly exposed to amphetamine白质的异常行为和微观结构变化少年老鼠反复暴露于安非他命.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Schizophrenia Research and Treatment Volume 2011, Article ID 542896, 11 pages doi:10.1155/2011/542896 Research Article Abnormal Behaviors and Microstructural Changes in White Matter of Juvenile Mice Repeatedly Exposed to Amphetamine Hong-Ju Yang,1 Lijun Wang,2 Qiang Cheng,2 and Haiyun Xu1 1 Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, 1135 Lincoln Drive, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA 2 Department of Computer Science, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, IL 62901-4328, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Haiyun Xu, hxu@ Received 1 February 2011; Revised 24 March 2011; Accepted 2 May 2011 Academic Editor: George Bartzokis Copyright © 2011 Hong-Ju Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Amphetamine (AMP) is an addictive CNS stimulant and has been commonly abused by adolescents and young adults, during which period brain white matter is still developing. This study was to examine the effect of a nonneurotoxic AMP on the white matter of juvenile mice. d-AMP (1.0 mg/kg) was given to young male C57BL/6 mice once a day for 21 days. The spatial working memory and locomotion of mice were measured at the end. Then, mice were sacrificed and their brains were processed for morphological analyses to examine the white matter structure and for Western blot analysis to measure three main proteins expressed in mature oligodendrocytes. AMP-treated mice displayed higher locomotion and spatial working memory impairment and showed lower levels of Nogo-A and GST-pi proteins in frontal cortex and lower MBP protein in