research strategies in the study of the pro-oxidant nature of polyphenol nutraceuticals研究策略助氧化剂的研究多酚保健品的性质.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Toxicology Volume 2011, Article ID 467305, 12 pages doi:10.1155/2011/467305 Review Article Research Strategies in the Study of the Pro-Oxidant Nature of Polyphenol Nutraceuticals Harvey Babich, Alyssa G. Schuck, Jeffrey H. Weisburg, and Harriet L. Zuckerbraun Department of Biology, Stern College for Women, Yeshiva University, 245 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Harvey Babich, babich@ Received 10 January 2011; Accepted 12 April 2011 Academic Editor: P. J. O’Brien Copyright © 2011 Harvey Babich et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Polyphenols of phytochemicals are thought to exhibit chemopreventive effects against cancer. These plant-derived antioxidant polyphenols have a dual nature, also acting as pro-oxidants, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), and causing oxidative stress. When studying the overall cytotoxicity of polyphenols, research strategies need to distinguish the cytotoxic component derived from the polyphenol per se from that derived from the generated ROS. Such strategies include (a) identifying hallmarks of oxidative damage, such as depletion of intracellular glutathione and lipid peroxidation, (b) classical manipulations, such as polyphenol exposures in the absence and presence of antioxidant enzymes (i.e., catalase and superoxide dismutase) and of antioxidants (e.g., glutathione and N -acetylcysteine) and cotreatments with glutathione depleters, and (c) more recent manipulations, such as divalent cobalt and pyruvate to scavenge ROS. Attention also must be directed to the influen