shaping the archaeal cell envelope塑造古细菌细胞信封.pdf

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Archaea Volume 2010, Article ID 608243, 13 pages doi:10.1155/2010/608243 Review Article Shaping the Archaeal Cell Envelope Albert F. Ellen,1, 2 Behnam Zolghadr,2, 3 Arnold M. J. Driessen,2 and Sonja-Verena Albers3 1 Centre for Integrative Biology, Microbial Genomics, Via delle Regole 101, 38123 Mattarello, Italy 2 Department of Molecular Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, The Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN Haren, The Netherlands 3 Molecular Biology of Archaea, Max Planck Institute for terrestrial Microbiology, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 10, 35043 Marburg, Germany Correspondence should be addressed to Sonja-Verena Albers, albers@mpi-marburg.mpg.de Received 14 April 2010; Accepted 29 May 2010 Academic Editor: Jerry Eichler Copyright © 2010 Albert F. Ellen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Although archaea have a similar cellular organization as other prokaryotes, the lipid composition of their membranes and their cell surface is unique. Here we discuss recent developments in our understanding of the archaeal protein secretion mechanisms, the assembly of macromolecular cell surface structures, and the release of S-layer-coated vesicles from the archaeal membrane. 1. The Archaeal Cell Envelope As the archaeal cell surface is so different from that of bacteria and eukarya, unique mechanisms must exist to form The ability of many archaea to endure extreme co