soft collinear degeneracies in an asymptotically free theory软共线的简并的渐近自由理论.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Advances in High Energy Physics Volume 2012, Article ID 379736, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2012/379736 Research Article Soft Collinear Degeneracies in an Asymptotically Free Theory Martin Lavelle,1 David McMullan,1 and Tom Steele2 1 School of Computing and Mathematics, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK 2 Department of Physics Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E2 Correspondence should be addressed to David McMullan, dmcmullan@plymouth.ac.uk Received 7 July 2011; Accepted 10 November 2011 Academic Editor: Anastasios Petkou Copyright q 2012 Martin Lavelle et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In asymptotically free theories with collinear divergences it is sometimes claimed that these diver- gences are cancelled if one sums over initial and final state degenerate cross-sections and uses an off-shell renormalisation scheme. We show for scalar φ3 theory in six dimensions that there are further classes of soft collinear divergences and that they are not cancelled. Furthermore, they yield a nonconvergent series of terms at a fixed order of perturbation theory. Similar effects in gauge theories are also summarised. 1. Introduction Infrared IR divergences plague the extraction of physical cross-sections in gauge theories. In practice most calculations are restricted to infrared safe quantities. However, according to the Lee-Nauenberg LN theorem 1, by summing over all degenerate states including both final and initial state radiation one should obtain an IR finite sufficiently inclusive cross- section. This should be contras