全站式陀螺仪GP1X测量精度实验及分析 毕业设计.docVIP

全站式陀螺仪GP1X测量精度实验及分析 摘要：全站式陀螺仪是将全站仪和陀螺仪结合在一起的仪器。由于它不受时间、环境的限制，同时观测简单方便，效率高，所以它是一种先进的定向仪器。陀螺全站仪测量精度常用一次定向中误差来衡量。在全站式陀螺仪定向过程中，影响其测量精度的因素很多，一般说来，陀螺全站仪的一次定向中误差都在其出厂时的标称精度内。但是，由于仪器的制造工艺水平限制、测量时外界条件以及使用方法，都直接影响到陀螺定向时的精度。所以，对陀螺全站仪定向精度的分析与探讨，具有重要的实践意义。本文将通过介绍全站仪定向原理并结合相关实验及实际工程，对日本索佳GP1X全站式陀螺仪定向精度做出分析与探讨，提出提高其定向精度的几点意见和建议。 关键词：全站式陀螺仪；定向测量；定向精度  The Experiment and Analyse of Gyro Total Station in Mine Through Survey——GP1X Abstract：The station gyroscope Total Station and gyro instruments together. Because it is not the time, environmental restrictions, while observation is simple and convenient, high efficiency, so it is a state-of-the-art directional instrument. Gyro total station measurement accuracy is commonly used in a directional error to measure. Total station gyroscope orientation process, a lot of factors that affect the measurement accuracy, in general, gyro Total Station Pro in error in its factory nominal accuracy. However, due to the manufacturing process of the horizontal limit of the instrument, the external measurement conditions and methods of use, directly affect the accuracy to the gyro orientation. Therefore, the gyro Total Station directional accuracy of analysis and discussion of important practical significance. By Total Station directional principle and the combination of experiments and practical engineering and the directional accuracy to make the analysis and discussion of Japanese Sokkia GP1X total station gyroscope, proposed to increase its orientation accuracy comments and suggestions. Key words:The station gyroscope；Directional survey；Orientation accuracy  目录 1 绪论 1 1.1 本文研究背景及意义 1 1.2 索佳GP1X全站式陀螺仪简介 1 1.3 本文主要研究内容 3 2 全站式陀螺仪定向原理 4 2.1 陀螺仪的定向原理 4 2.1.1 陀螺原理及特征 4 2.1.2 陀螺仪指北原理 5 2.2 全站式陀螺仪常用定向观测方法 8 2.2.1 陀螺测量前准备工作 8 2.2.2 结束陀螺测量 9 2.2.3 逆转点法定向 10 2.2.4 中天法定向 12 3 全站式陀螺仪定向精度理论分析 15 3.1 全站仪测定方向的误差 15 3.2 陀螺仪与全站仪的连接误差 17 3.3 悬挂带零位变动误差 17 3.4 灵敏部摆动平衡位置的变动误差 17 3.5 仪器常数不确定引起的误差 17 3.6 外界条件，如风流、气温及震