畜牧微生物学 复习名词解释（A review of the term livestock Microbiology）.docVIP

畜牧微生物学 复习名词解释（A review of the term livestock Microbiology） 1. microbiology: the study of the morphology, structure, physiology, genetic variation, distribution, classification, and relationships of humans, animals, and plants 2. microorganism: refers to the individual small, usually have to use the microscope to see the biological group collectively. 3.. The special structures of bacteria: flagella, pili, sex pili, capsules and spores, not all. 4.: the cell wall is located in the cells of the outermost layer of thick, tough outside, mainly by the peptidoglycan composition, there are a variety of fixed cell shape and cell protection functions. Interstitial space between 5. weeks: the space between the outer membrane of the cell wall and the plasma membrane of the gram negative bacteria. 6. cytoplasm: all the translucent, gelatinous, granular substances surrounded by the cytoplasm of the cell except the nucleus. 7. capsule: part of bacteria, in its life process, it can produce a mucus like substance outside the cell wall, surrounded by the whole bacteria, known as capsule. 8. mucus layer: there are some bacteria can produce thinner than the capsule, only in the electronic microscope can see the microcapsule. Some bacteria produce mucus like substances that are not clear, loose and easily detached from the cell. They are called slime layers. 9. spores: some species of bacteria, individual species of coccus, a stage of long-term growth, can form a spore in the body of bacteria, become spores. 10. colonies: single microorganisms in the appropriate solid medium surface or internal growth, propagation, to a certain extent, can be visible to the naked eye, has a certain morphological structure of the sub cell growth population. 11. Lawn: when the solid medium surface of many colonies together into one, will become the lawn. 12. strain: a strain is a microbial or microbial colony derived from a single cell clone or clone. 13. pseudomycelium: if the yeast growth and reproduct