沙夫茨伯里.PPT

4. 无利害性 Disinterestedness 主要文献 Shelley, James, 18th Century British Aesthetics, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zalta?(ed.), URL = /archives/fall2010/entries/aesthetics-18th-british/. Miles Rind,“The Concept of Disinterestedness in Eighteenth-Century British Aesthetics,” Journal of the History of Philosophy 40.1 (2002) 67-87. 理论背景与时代课题 18th-century British aesthetics addressed itself to a variety of questions: What is the nature of taste? What is the nature of beauty? Is there is a standard of taste and of beauty? What is the relation between the beauty of nature and that of artistic representation? 18世纪英国美学关注的问题如下：趣味（鉴赏力）的性质是什么？美的性质是什么？鉴赏力和美有标准吗？自然的美与艺术再现的美之间的关系是什么？ What is the relation between one fine art and another, and how ought the fine arts be ranked one against another? What is the nature of the sublime and ought it be ranked with the beautiful? What is the nature of the picturesque and ought it be ranked with the beautiful and the sublime? What is the nature of genius and what is its relation to taste? 美的艺术门类之间的关系是什么、怎么区分它们？崇高的性质是什么？它应该被列为美吗？如画性的性质是什么？它应该被列为美和崇高吗？天才的性质是什么？它与鉴赏力的关系是什么？ 4.1. 沙夫茨伯里 Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury?(1671-1713) was an English politician, philosopher and writer. 安东尼·阿什利-柯柏，第三代沙夫茨伯里伯爵是一位英格兰政治家、哲学家和作家。 沙夫茨伯里伯爵在哲学上的重要性在于他的伦理思想。他的主要动机是要驳斥托马斯·霍布斯自我中心的论调。 参考文献 Gill, Michael B., Lord Shaftesbury [Anthony Ashley Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury], The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2011 Edition), Edward N. Zalta?(ed.), URL = /archives/fall2011/entries/shaftesbury/. 4.1.1 哲学脉络 Shaftesburys philosophy combined a powerfully teleological approach, according to which all things are part of a harmonious cosmic order, with sharp observations of human nature. Shaftesbury is often credited with originating the moral sense theory, although his own views of virtue are a mixture of rationalism and sentimentalism. 沙夫茨伯里的哲学包含着强烈的目的论立场。按照这种立场，所有事物都是和谐的宇宙秩序的一部分。人们通常认为，沙夫茨伯里创造力道德感理论