地图知识（Map knowledge）.doc

地图知识（Map knowledge） 1. What is a map? The map is in accordance with certain rules, choose to use two-dimensional or multidimensional form and means in the plane or sphere representing the earth (or other planets) some phenomena of graphics or images, it has a strict mathematical foundation, symbol system, text notes, and can be summed up with the principle of distribution map, scientifically reflect the nature and the social economic phenomena and their relationship. 2. What is a digital map? The digital map is stored in the computer hard disk, floppy disk, CD or tape media, map content is represented by digital, through specialized computer software for the digital display, reading, retrieval, analysis. 3. What is a raster diagram? A grid chart is a grid data model based on a set of columns, which uses a grid of squares to describe geographic elements, each of which represents a realistic geographical element. Raster data is suitable for spatial analysis and storage of image data format, and it is not suitable for discontinuous data processing. 4. What is a digital raster map (DRG)? Digital raster map (DRG) is a raster digital product of paper maps. Each set of map scanning, compression map processing and data correction, and keep consistent with the formation of raster map in the content, accuracy and color. 5. What is raster image? A raster image, also called a raster image, is an image that has been discretized in space and brightness. We can consider a raster image as a matrix. Any element in the matrix corresponds to a point in the image, and the corresponding value corresponds to the gray level of the point. The element in the digital matrix is called the pixel. Digital image mosaic and is similar to that of a rectangular pattern consisting of a series of pixels, if all pixels and only two gray level (black or white), called the two value image, but also the throne map; or called gray image or color image. What is vector graphics? Before introducing vector gr