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Distribution of Spoligotyping Defined Genotypic Lineages among Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Clinical Isolates in Ankara, Turkey 1 2 3 1 3 4 5 Ozgul Kisa *, Gulnur Tarhan , Selami Gunal , Ali Albay , Riza Durmaz , Zeynep Saribas , Thierry Zozio , 4 2 2 5 Alpaslan Alp , Ismail Ceyhan , Ahmet Tombak , Nalin Rastogi 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy and School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey, 2 Tuberculosis Reference and Research Laboratory, Refik Saydam Hygiene Center, Ankara, Turkey, 3 Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey, 4 Hacettepe ´ University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey, 5 WHO Supranational TB Reference Laboratory, Unite de la ´ Tuberculose et des Mycobacteries, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Abymes, Guadeloupe, France Abstract Background: Investigation of genetic heterogeneity and spoligotype-defined lineages of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates collected during a three-year period in two university hospitals and National Tuberculosis Reference and Research Laboratory in Ankara, Turkey. Methods and Findings: A total of 95 drug-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates collected from three different centers were included in this study. Susceptibility testing of the isolates to four major antituberculous drugs was