does the potential for chaos constrain the embryonic cell-cycle oscillator混乱的潜在限制胚胎细胞循环振荡器.pdfVIP

Does the Potential for Chaos Constrain the Embryonic Cell-Cycle Oscillator? R. Scott McIsaac1,2., Kerwyn Casey Huang3., Anirvan Sengupta4,5, Ned S. Wingreen1,6* 1 Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America, 2 Graduate Program in Quantitative and Computational Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America, 3 Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America, 4 Department of Physics Astronomy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America, 5 BioMAPS Institute for Quantitative Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States of America, 6 Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America Abstract Although many of the core components of the embryonic cell-cycle network have been elucidated, the question of how embryos achieve robust, synchronous cellular divisions post-fertilization remains unexplored. What are the different schemes that could be implemented by the embryo to achieve synchronization? By extending a cell-cycle model previously developed for embryos of the frog Xenopus laevis to include the spatial dimensions of the embryo, we establish a novel role for the rapid, fertilization-initiated calcium wave that triggers cell-cycle oscillations. Specifically, in our simulations a fast calcium wave results in synchronized cell cycles, while a slow wave results in full-blown spatio-temporal chaos. We show that such chaos would ultimately lead to an unpredictable patchwork of cell divisions across the embryo. Given this potential for chaos, our results indicate a novel design principle whereby the fast calcium-wave trigger following embryo