eight americas investigating mortality disparities across races, counties, and race-counties in the united states八个美洲调查死亡率差异跨越种族、县,race-counties在美国.pdfVIP

PLoS MEDICINE Eight Americas: Investigating Mortality Disparities across Races, Counties, and Race-Counties in the United States 1,2,3 2,4 2,3 3 3 Christopher J. L. Murray , Sandeep C. Kulkarni , Catherine Michaud , Niels Tomijima , Maria T. Bulzacchelli , Terrell J. Iandiorio3, Majid Ezzati1,2* 1 Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 2 Harvard University Initiative for Global Health, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America, 4 University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America Funding: This research was A B S T R A C T supported by a cooperative agreement, awarded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools of Background Public Health (grant U36/ CCU300430–23) and by the National The gap between the highest and lowest life expectancies for race-county combinations in Institute on Aging (grant PO1- the United States is over 35 y. We divided the race-county combinations of the US population AG17625). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and into eight distinct groups, referred to as the ‘‘eight Americas,’’ to explore the causes of the analysis, decision to publish, or disparities that can inform specific public health intervention policies and programs. preparation of the manuscript. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do Methods and Findings not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease The eight Americas were defin