non-listening and self centered leadership – relationships to socioeconomic conditions and employee mental healthnon-listening和自我为中心的领导,社会经济条件和员工心理健康的关系.pdfVIP

Non-Listening and Self Centered Leadership – Relationships to Socioeconomic Conditions and Employee Mental Health ¨ Tores Theorell*, Anna Nyberg, Constanze Leineweber, Linda L. Magnusson Hanson, Gabriel Oxenstierna, Hugo Westerlund Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden Abstract Background: The way in which leadership is experienced in different socioeconomic strata is of interest per se, as well as how it relates to employee mental health. Methods: Three waves of SLOSH (Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health, a questionnaire survey on a sample of the Swedish working population) were used, 2006, 2008 and 2010 (n = 5141). The leadership variables were: ‘‘Non- listening leadership’’ (one question: ‘‘Does your manager listen to you?’’ - four response categories), ‘‘Self centered leadership’’ (sum of three five-graded questions – ‘‘non-participating’’, ‘‘asocial’’ and ‘‘loner’’). The socioeconomic factors were education and income. Emotional exhaustion and depressive symptoms were used as indicators of mental health. Results: Non-listening leadership was associated with low income and low education whereas self-centered leadership showed a weaker relationship with education and no association at all with income. Both leadership variables were significantly associated with emotional exhaustion and depressive symptoms. ‘‘Self centered’’ as well as ‘‘non-listening’’ leadership in 2006 significantly predicted employee depressive symptoms in 2008 after adjustment for demographic variables. These predictions became non-significant when adjustment was made for job conditions (demands and decision latitude) in the ‘‘non-listening’’ leadership analyses, whereas predictions of depressive symptoms remained significant after these adjustments in the ‘‘self-centered leadership