计算语言学7_790805368.pdfVIP

计算语言学 Computational Linguistics 教师：孙茂松 Tel Email:sms@ TA ：赵宇 Email:zhaoyu62188@ 郑重声明  此课件仅供选修清华大学计算机系研究生课 《计算语言学》 的学生个人学习使用， 所以只允许学生将其下载、存贮在自己的电脑中。 未经孙茂松本人同意，任何人不得以任何方式扩 散之（包括不得放到任何服务器上）。否则，由 此可能引起的一切涉及知识产权的法律责任，概 由该人负责。  此课件仅限孙茂松本人讲课使用。除孙茂松本 人外，凡授课过程中，PTT文件显示此 《郑重声 明》之情形，即为侵权使用。 第七章 特征与扩充语法 8.1. Feature Systems and Augmented Grammars  The number agreement restriction of English a men Subject-verb agreement, Gender agreement for pronouns, Restrictions between the head of a phrase …… NP - ART N only when NUMBER1 agrees with NUMBER2 NP-SING - ART-SING N-SING NP-PLURAL - ART-PLURAL N-PLURAL Doubling the size of the grammar. 失去简洁性，可理解性 8.1. Feature Systems and Augmented Grammars  Feature structure - a mapping from features to values that defines the relevant properties of the constituent. ART1: (CAT ART ROOT a NUMBER s) The abbreviated form: ART1: (ART ROOT a NUMBER s) 8.1. Feature Systems and Augmented Grammars  Feature structures themselves can occur as values. “afish” NP1:(NP NUMBER s 1 (ART ROOT a NUMBER s) 2 (N ROOT fish NUMBER s)) 1, 2, 3, and so on - will stand for the first subconstituent, second subconstituent, and so on, as needed. 8.1. Feature Systems and Augmented Grammars  Variables are allowed as feature values so that a rule can apply to a wide range of situations. For example, a rule for simple noun phrases would be as follows: (NP NUMBER ?n) - (ART NUMBER ?n) (N NUMBER ?n) This says that an NP constituent can consist of two subconsti