perl的grep总结（Perls grep summary）.docVIP

perl的grep总结（Perls grep summary） Summary of grep usage in Perl Grep, Perl, usage 1) Grep function Grep has 2 ways of saying things: Grep BLOCK LIST Grep, EXPR, LIST BLOCK represents a code block, usually with a EXPR {}; expression is usually a regular expression. EXPR is anything but one or more variables, operators, text, functions, or child functions called. LIST is a list to match. Grep BLOCK or EXPR, each element of the list, it traverses the list and temporarily set elements for $_. In the list context, grep returns all the elements of the matching hit, and the result is a list. In scalar context, grep returns the number of elements that match hit. (two) Grep, vs., loops Open FILE, myfile, or die, Cant open, myfile: $..!; Print, grep, /terrorism|nuclear/i, FILE;; Here, open a file myfile, and then find the rows that contain terrorism or nuclear. FILE; returns a list that contains the full contents of the file. Perhaps youve found that if the file is large, this way is very memory intensive, because all the contents of the file are copied into memory. Instead, the loop (loop) is used to complete it: While ($line = FILE;) { If ($line = ~ /terrorism|nuclear/i) {print $line} } The code above shows that loop can do anything grep can do. So why use grep? The answer is that grep is more Perl style, and loop is C style. A better explanation is: (1) grep lets readers know more clearly that you are choosing an element from the list; (2) grep is more concise than loop. Heres a tip: if youre a newbie at Perl, its better to use loop properly; you can use grep as a powerful tool when youre familiar with perl. (three) a few examples of grep 1. count the number of list elements for matching expressions $num_apple = grep, /^apple$/i, @fruits; In scalar context, grep returns the number of elements in the match; in the list context, grep returns a list of the elements in the match. So, the above code returns the number of Apple words that exist in the @fruits array. Because $num_a