Greek Letters Common Usages Alpha （希腊字母常见用法α）.pdf

Greek Letters Common Usages Αα Alpha α: Constant in regression/statistics: y = α + βx + ε; also type I error Ββ Beta β: Coefficient in regression/statistics, often subscripted to indicate different coefficients: y = α + βx + βx + ε; also type II error; related, 1 – β is called the “power” of a statistical test. 1 1 2 2 Γγ Gamma Γ: A particular statistical distribution; also used to denote a game. ∆δ Delta ∆y y 1 −y 2 ∆: Means “change” or “difference”, as in the equation of a line’s slope: . ∆x x −x 1 2 δ: Known in game theory as the “discount parameter” and is used for repeated games. Εε Epsilon ε: “Error term” in regression/statistics; more generally used to denote an arbitrarily small, positive number. ∈ (Variant Epsilon) This version of epsilon is used in set theory to mean “belongs to” or “is in the set of”: x ∈X; similarly used to indicate the range of a parameter: x ∈ [0, 1]. “x ∉∅” means “the element x does not belong to the empty set”. Ζζ Zeta Ηη Eta Θθ Theta θ: The fixed probability of success parameter in a Binomial Distribution and related distributions. ϑ (Script Theta) Ιι Iota Κκ Kappa Λ