生物八年级下册复习提纲苏教版（Biological grade eight review outline of Jiangsu）.doc

生物八年级下册复习提纲苏教版（Biological grade eight review outline of Jiangsu） Senior high school entrance examination of Biology (Jiangsu Edition) grade eight points finishing Eighth unit Biotechnology The twentieth chapter: biological technology in daily life 1. fermentation technology and food production A Fermentation is caused by microorganisms. The common fermentation products and corresponding microorganism fermented yogurt - -: yeast, lactic acid bacteria Fruit long taste of wine - wine yeast, acid - lactic acid bacteria 2. fermentation technology and daily life A (1): chemical products such as alcohol, citric acid, lactic acid, spices (2): pharmaceutical products such as antibiotics (penicillin, erythromycin) and vitamin C (3): Food and beverage such as sauce products, wine and beverage etc. 3. reasons for food spoilage B Food spoilage: growth, reproduction, etc. of microorganisms. 4. proper ways to preserve food A (choice, judgement) The principle of food preservation: inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms in foods. The traditional method of food preservation methods: dried, dried, salted, candied, smoked, wine etc. Modern methods: canning, dehydration, freezing, vacuum packing, adding preservatives, and using lysozyme The twenty-first chapter: Modern Biotechnology 1. gene engineering and transgenic technology B Genetic engineering: in accordance with the wishes of the people, the use of artificial methods of biological gene recombination technology, composition of the grafting type transformation. Transgenic technology: the technology of introducing foreign genes directly into animals and plants or their fertilized eggs and playing a role in cells. Transgenic animals and plants: animals and plants that are introduced into foreign genes. Figure P12: 212 transgenic tobacco cultured diagram The insecticidal toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis was transferred into the nucleus of common tobacco cells, thus producing new insect resistant tobacco varieties.