生物化学52个（Biochemistry 52）.doc

生物化学52个（Biochemistry 52） 1. protein denaturation: when natural protein is affected by some physical and chemical factors, the internal structure of the original high molecular conformational changes, physicochemical properties and biological function of the protein is changed or lost, but did not result in a change in the primary structure. The active site of the 2. enzyme: the site where the enzyme molecule binds directly to the substrate and is directly related to the enzyme, including the binding site and the catalytic site. 3. intron: the intermediate sequence or non coding sequence of most eukaryotic structural genes, not present in mRNA. Exon 4.: a fragment of a polypeptide encoded in eukaryotes. 5. rare base: a base with less content, mostly a base modifier. (about 10% of tRNA are rare bases) 6. combined with ammonia: is the main organism deamination, is a combination of transamination and oxidative deamination of the human body, the transamination is mainly glutamate receptor - alpha ketoglutarate generated, remove amino glutamate dehydrogenase in L- under the effect of this way is called transdeamination. 7.: antimetabolite anti metabolic inhibitors, are analogues and metabolites in structure and in their metabolic reactions with normal antagonistic metabolites, to reduce normal metabolites in response to the opportunity, thus affecting the normal metabolism. 8. restriction endonuclease (endonuclease) is a class of endonucleases that recognize and hydrolyze exogenous DNA in bacterial cells. They are used as a tool enzyme for specific cleavage of DNA. 9. alpha helix: multiple peptide units in a protein molecule rotate through the amino acid alpha -C, causing the main chain of the polypeptide chain to rotate regularly around the central axis to form a stable helical conformation. (usually right-handed spiral) 10. semiconservative replication: DNA replication, each DNA strand as template in the synthesis of the new chain, by base pairing of two new DNA molecul