生物化学经典简答题（Biochemistry classic simple answer）.doc

生物化学经典简答题（Biochemistry classic simple answer） 1. What is called glycolysis, and what is the difference between his and gluconeogenesis? How does it relate to anaerobic oxidation? (Biology) the process of converting glucose or glycogen to lactic acid through a series of reactions in anaerobic conditions and producing a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis differ in four key enzymes of three key enzymes of glycolysis by gluconeogenesis instead of the catalytic reaction, the site of action: gluconeogenesis in cytosol and mitochondria, glycolysis is all in the cytosol). Glycolysis can be performed in aerobic and anaerobic conditions. 2. Why is the three carboxylic acid cycle the common pathway of the three major metabolism? Sugar is converted into pyruvic acid by glycolysis and then into acetyl coenzyme A. Glycerol produced by lipid metabolism can be oxidized by aerobic oxidation into the three carboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acids are converted into acetyl coenzyme A by B oxidation. The protein degradation is mostly intermediate product of the three carboxylic acid cycle, which will eventually be converted into acetyl coenzyme A, and the substrate of the three carboxylic acid is acetyl coenzyme A, so it will eventually carry out three carboxylic acid cycle to produce CO2 and water. Physiological significance of the pentose phosphate pathway in 3 (PPP)? The pentose phosphate pathway, as found in many animal and plant materials, suggests that pentose phosphate pathway is a ubiquitous glucose metabolic pathway. 1, reduced coenzyme 2, produced by pentose phosphate pathway, is involved in a variety of metabolic responses. 2. The sugar -5- phosphate produced in this pathway is essential for nucleic acid biosynthesis, and the catabolism of ribose can also be carried out in this accounting. 3, the basic reaction of transketolase transaldolase to triose, Ding Wuji heptose line transformation. 4, in plants, red sugar -4- phosphoric acid and glycerol acid -3 phosp