病原生物与免疫学试卷及答案（Examination papers and answers of pathogenic biology and Immunology）.docVIP

病原生物与免疫学试卷及答案（Examination papers and answers of pathogenic biology and Immunology） Examination papers and answers of pathogenic biology and Immunology First share: warm has been shared, 1 comments (0) copy, link, share, reprint, delete 1. what is the difference between gram positive and gram negative bacterial cell walls? Answer: gram positive bacteria strength: more tough. Thickness: thick 20~80nm Peptidoglycan levels: many, up to 50 layers. Peptidoglycan content: more. The cell wall weight is 50%~80%., and the phosphoric acid wall: + Gram negative bacteria strength: looser, thickness: thin, 10~15nm Peptidoglycan layers: 1~3 layer. Less peptidoglycan content: less 10%~20%. phosphate..: outer wall 2., the concept of toxoid Answer: Formaldehyde Solution 0.3%~0.4% with bacterial exotoxin, the toxicity disappeared and still retains its immunogenicity 3. concepts of aseptic and aseptic operation Answer: sterile, without living microorganisms Aseptic manipulation, the technique of preventing microorganisms from entering bodies or objects, also known as aseptic technology 4. concept of normal flora Answer: there are different kinds and quantities of bacteria in the body surface of normal human body and the cavity connecting with the outside world. These bacteria are harmless to human body 5. the concept of conditional pathogens A: the balance between normal flora and the human body can be broken under certain conditions. It is a normal bacterial flora that is not pathogenic and can cause disease Specific conditions: 1. change in the alien portion 2., immunocompromised 3. misuse of bacterial flora 6. concepts of bacteremia, sepsis, toxemia, and sepsis Answer: bacteremia pathogenic bacteria in local tissue growth, for a while Invasive or intermittent invasion of the bloodstream, but not in the blood Reproduction Septicemia pathogenic bacteria invade blood flow, and grow and propagate in it, produce toxin, cause the symptom of serious whole body poisoning Pathogenic bacteria