第八单元 泌尿系统疾病（Eighth unit urinary system disease）.doc

第八单元 泌尿系统疾病（Eighth unit urinary system disease） Try these questions. Can you answer them? 1. red kidney / renal fleabite is? Whats the white kidney? 2.. Why is secondary granular pyknosis of the kidney? Primary causes of granular renal sequestration? yes 3., the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults? Is nephritis more common in children? What is more common in young children nephritis? What is the shape of the 4. crescent? What constitutes a wormhole? Whats the formation of the double track? Hump sign is? Whats the nail like process? This unit reviews the train of thought Important knowledge base: the histological structure of the glomerulus Proforma strategy: clever to remember, remember an important form! (see attachment) The most important basic knowledge: Histological structure of the glomerulus! Must understand the sixth edition of teaching material P266 diagram!! Glomerular filtration membrane (three layers): 1. capillary endothelial cells 2. basement membrane 3., the epithelial cells of the visceral layer (podocyte, foot process) Special attention: two membranes! Basement membrane: capillary endothelium Mesentery: the cell between capillaries Section 1 glomerulonephritis An allergic disease characterized mainly by glomerular lesions in glomerulonephritis. The main clinical manifestations were: 1. nephritic syndrome: proteinuria, edema, hematuria, and hypertension 2. nephrotic syndrome: high proteinuria, high edema, hyperlipidemia and hypoproteinemia (three highs and one low) See attached (important form for unit eighth) Type, pathological features, clinicopathological features, special emphasis (important!!)! Light microscopy, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy 1. acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis diffuse mesangial cells and proliferation of endothelial cells and mesangial GBM granular IgG and C3 deposition on subcutaneous hump sediments acute nephritis syndrome red kidney / renal fleabite More common in children 2. rapidly progr