Vectors and Matrices - California State University, Northridge向量和矩阵-北岭加利福尼亚州立大学，.docVIP

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Vectors and Matrices - California State University, Northridge向量和矩阵-北岭加利福尼亚州立大学，.doc

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Vectors and Matrices - California State University, Northridge向量和矩阵-北岭加利福尼亚州立大学，

College of Engineering and Computer Science Mechanical Engineering Department Engineering Analysis Notes Last updated: January 20, 2009 Larry Caretto Vectors and Matrices Introduction These notes provide an introduction to the use of vectors and matrices in engineering analysis. In addition they provide a discussion of how the simple concept of a vector in mechanics leads to the concept of vector spaces for engineering analysis. Matrix notation is used to simplify the representation of linear algebraic equations. In addition, the matrix representation of systems of equations provides important properties regarding the system of equations. The discussion here presents many results without proof. You can refer to a general advanced engineering math text, like the one by Kreyszig or a text on linear algebra for such proofs. Parts of these notes have been prepared for use in a variety of courses to provide background information on the use of matrices in engineering problems. Consequently, some of the material may not be used in this course and different sections from these notes may be assigned at different times in the course. Introduction A vector is a common concept in engineering mechanics that most students first saw in their high-school physics courses. Vectors are usually described in introductory courses as a quantity that has a magnitude and a direction. Force and velocity are common examples of vectors used in basic mechanics course. In addition to representing a vector in terms of its magnitude and direction, we can also represent a vector in terms of its components. This is illustrated in the figure at the right. Here we have a force vector, f, with a magnitude, |f|, and a direction, (, relative to the x axis. (Note that the notation of the vector, f, and its magnitude, |f|, are different. The vector is the full specification of a magnitude and direction; e.g., 2000 pounds force at an angle of 30o from the x axis. The magnitude |f| is 200