The Application of Perturbation Theory in （应用微扰理论）.ppt

Application of Perturbation Theory in Classical Mechanics  - Shashidhar Guttula Outline Classical Mechanics Perturbation Theory Applications of the theory Simulation of Mechanical systems Conclusions References Classical Mechanics Minimum Principles Central Force Theorem Rigid Body Motion Oscillations Theory of Relativity Chaos Perturbation Theory Mathematical Method used to find an approximate solution to a problem which cannot be solved exactly An expression for the desired solution in terms of a *power series Method of Perturbation theory Technique for obtaining approx solution based on smallness of perturbation Hamiltonian and on the assumed smallness of the changes in the solutions If the change in the Hamiltonian is small, the overall effect of the perturbation on the motion can be large Perturbation solution should be carefully analyzed so it is physically correct Classical Perturbation theory Time Dependent Perturbation theory Time Independent Perturbation theory Classical Perturbation Theory is more complicated than Quantum Perturbation theory Many similarities between classical perturbation theory and quantum perturbation theory Solve :Perturbation theory problems A regular perturbation is an equation of the form : D (x; φ)=0 Write the solution as a power series : xsol=x0+x1+x2+x3+….. Insert the power series into the equation and rearrange to a new power series in D(xsol;”)=D(x0+x1+x2+x3+…..); =P0(x0;0)+P1(x0;x1)+P2(x0;x1;x2)+…. Set each coefficient in the power series equal to zero and solve the resulting systems P0(x0;0)=D(x0;0)=0 P1(x0;x1)=0 P2(x0;x1;x2)=0 Idea applies in many contexts To Obtain Approximate solutions to algebraic and transcendental equations Approximate expressions to definite integrals Ordinary and partial differential equations Perturbation Theory Vs Numerical Techniques Produce analytical approximations that reveal the essential dependence of the exact solution