The performance of stainless steels in （不锈钢的性能）.pdf

C HEMICA LS The performance of stainless steels in concentrated sulphuric acid Sulphuric acid is one of the most commonly used chemicals in the world and, at concentrations greater than 90wt%, it is also very corrosive This paper discusses the choice of materials for handling concentrated sulphuric acid, particularly at the elevated temperatures (up to 200°C) that occur during its manufacture Some of the modern austenitic and duplex stainless steels are reviewed and their limitations and advantages are discussed By Roger Francis, RA® Materials, United Kingdom Introduction Materials Sulphuric acid is a chemical that is used in numerous industrial Traditionally materials such as acid-brick lined steel were used for processes as well as in the leaching of many metals from their vessels, and ductile irons, such as Mondi® or low alloy austenitic ores. t is produced from sulphur dioxide, which may be stainless steels such as 316 for piping, within a limited generated by burning sulphur, it may be a by-product of a temperature and acid concentration range. However, the metallurgical smelting process, or it may be produced by thermal development of modern, high alloy stainless steels, with improved decomposition (regeneration) of spent acid. The sulphur dioxide is reacted with oxygen over a catalyst at ~420° to 625°C to form resistance to hot concentrated acid has changed the materials sulphur trioxide. The latter gas then reacts with water in the selection options. Table 1 shows the compositio