步进电机的工作原理（The working principle of stepping motor）.doc

步进电机的工作原理（The working principle of stepping motor） Stepper motor is a kind of electromechanical component that converts electric pulse signal into angular displacement or linear displacement. The input of the stepping motor is a pulse sequence, and the output is the corresponding incremental displacement or step motion. The normal movement, it turns a number with fixed step; make a stepping movement, maintain a strict correspondence between the rotation speed and input pulse frequency is not affected by voltage fluctuation and load change. Because stepper motor can accept digital quantity control directly, it is especially suitable for microcomputer control. 1. kinds of stepping motors There are three kinds of stepping motors commonly used at present: (1) reactive stepping motor (VR). The reactive stepping motor is simple in structure, low in production cost and small in step angle, but has poor dynamic performance. (2) permanent magnet stepper motor (PM). The permanent magnet stepper motor has large output and good dynamic performance, but it has a large step angle. (3) hybrid stepping motor (HB). Hybrid stepping motor combines the advantages of both reaction and permanent magnet stepping motors. It has the advantages of small step angle, large output and good dynamic performance. It is the most advanced stepping motor at present. It is sometimes referred to as a permanent magnet induction step motor. The working principle of 2. step motor Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of three phase reaction step motor 1 - 2 - 3 - stator rotor stator winding turning paging}} Fig. 1 is a sketch map of the most common three-phase stepping motor. There are six evenly distributed magnetic poles on the stator of the motor. The included angle is 60o. The magnetic poles are sheathed with coils, and the three-phase windings of the A, the B and the C are connected according to Fig. 1. 40 small uniform rotor. So each tooth distance of 0 E=360o/40=9o and stator pole arc of each pole has 5 teeth,