村镇砌体结构民居橡胶垫隔震技术试验的分析研究.pdfVIP

Experimental Study on Laminated Rubber Bearings Used in Civil Buildings in Rural Area A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Fan Kun Supervisor：Prof. Wang Yihong Chang’an University, Xi’an, China 摘 要 村镇地区是抗震设防较为薄弱的区域。村镇地区的民用住宅多为自筹自建，基本 没有考虑过抗震设防，因此一旦有破坏性的地震灾害出现，地处村镇地区的房屋会大 量倒塌，造成重大人员伤亡。叠层橡胶隔震垫隔震技术能够有效增强建筑物的抗震性 能，并且在很多国家已经经受住了地震的考验，在雅安地震中也证明拥有良好的隔震 减震效果。但有关村镇建筑橡胶隔震垫设计和施工技术在全国尚属空白。 本文以较常见的村镇砌体结构民居作为研究对象，研究一种适用村镇建筑的低造 价橡胶隔震垫。这种橡胶隔震垫突破了对形状系数 S ，S 的规定，根据村镇建筑重量 1 2 轻的情况减少隔震支座中钢板的用量，降低了隔震垫支座的造价。通过设计计算，进 行 4 片砌体墙体缩尺模型的拟动力试验，对比不设置橡胶隔震垫和设置橡胶隔震垫砌 体墙体的抗震性能，研究各自的受力过程、破坏形态、变形能力和极限承载力，分析 试验中所得滞回曲线的特征，验证了本文设计的橡胶隔震垫的有效性，同时该橡胶隔 震垫造价低，施工安装方便，容易被广大村镇居民接受，易于推广，可以改善村镇民 居抗震性能，保障村镇居民在地震时生命财产安全。 本文根据试验研究所得成果，给出了适用于村镇民居的隔震措施，为制定村镇建 筑隔震的相关标准提供了基础研究数据。 关键词：村镇民居、砌体结构、抗震性能、橡胶隔震垫、试验研究 基金项目：陕西省住房与城乡建设厅科技项目：村镇砖混结构民居橡胶垫隔震技术开发与应用研究 资助单位：西安达盛隔震技术有限公司 I Absract Seismic fortification is relatively weak in rural area. Civil houses are usually built by themselves, and almost no seismic measures are taken into account. Once destructive earthquake happens, most of the houses in rural area would collapse and many people would die. Seismic isolation technique using laminated rubber bearings could enhance the seismic performance of the houses. It has been proved effective by its good performance during earthquake in many countries and it was proved effective in Ya’an Earthquake.But the design and construction about laminated rubber bearings used in rural area are blank. In this paper, common masonry structure in rural area is studied in order to study a kind of laminated ru