不同渗滤介质系统处理雨水径流模拟试验探究.docVIP

不同渗滤介质系统处理雨水径流模拟试验探究摘要：研究采用不同渗滤介质构建人工渗滤系统处理公路雨水径流，跟踪测定处理后雨水中主要污染物的去除率。结果表明，不同渗滤介质的人工土柱对径流污染物均具有较好的净化效果，并表现出良好的耐冲击负荷能力。化学耗氧量的去除率大多在60%～80%；游离态氨去除率大都在40%～80%，总氮去除率基本在40%～60%；所有试验土柱对总磷的去除作用都极为明显，出水中磷含量较低，出水磷浓度最高值为0.112 mg/L，最低仅为0.050 mg/L。各试验土柱对路面雨水径流中的浊度去除率都在90%以上；重金属出水浓度均达到了Ⅱ类水体水质标准。在相关渗滤介质中，木屑的吸附性能最好，原状土自身具有较好吸附能力，栽培介质由于自身含有一定的游离态氨，吸附效果较差，不宜直接作为绿地渗滤层的改良材料。 关键词：渗滤介质系统；雨水径流；吸附 中图分类号：X703 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2012）23-5318-06 Simulation Experiment of Treating Rainwater Runoff with Different Infiltration Media NIE Fa-hui1，XIANG Su-lin1，MIN Lu-yan1，LIU jie1，WANG Biao2 （1.School of Civil Engineering and Architecture， East China Jiaotong University， Nanchang 330013，China； 2.State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse， Tongji University， Shanghai 200092，China） Abstract： Different infiltration system constructed with different media was designed； and their long-term purification effect of rainwater runoff was monitored. The results showed that the artificial infiltration system with different media could remove pollutants from rainwater runoff efficiently； and the systems had powerful resistance to shock load. CODCr removing rate was 60%～80%； NH4+-N removing rate was 40%～80%； and TN removing rate was 40%～60%； TP could be removed significantly and the concentration in effluent was 0.050～0.112 mg/L； turbidity removing rate was over 90% by all the treatments. The concentration of heavy metals in effluent met class Ⅱ of quality standard for surface water. Among all evaluated mediums， wood crumbs performed the best absorption ability. The native soil itself had good NH4+ adsorption ability； however， the cultivation medium performed bad or even released NH4+-N due to the NH4+ containing in， thus was not a good choice for infiltration medium. Key words： infiltration media system； rainwater runoff； adsorption “渗滤层”是雨水渗透和净化的主要作用层，要发挥渗滤系统削减雨水径流的功能，首先要求其具有一定的渗透速率，这主要取决于土壤本身的特性。天然沙土因通透性强，渗透速率高的优点，在国外常常被选作渗滤介质[1]。然而沙性土壤也存在着许多不足之处，如肥力低、土壤的生物活性弱、污染物去除能力差等。相反，虽然黏性土壤在去除污染物方