非谓语动词豪华终结版 学生.docxVIP

非谓语动词在句中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式：不定式、动名词和分词（分词包括现在分词和过去分词）概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词2. 非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分※非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。分析下列句子结构She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.The teachers sitting there arefrom other schools.We saw some teachers sitting there. We need to be active in class. 非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.不定式、动名词和现在分词都有时态和语态的变化.不定式主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式To doTo be done动作发生在谓语动作之后进行式To be doing与谓语动作同时发生完成式To have doneTo have been done动作发生在谓语动作之前动名词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式DoingBeing done与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having doingHaving been done动作发生在谓语动作之前现在分词主动语态被动语态与谓语动词的关系一般式DoingBeing done与谓语动作同时发生完成式Having doneHaving been done动作发生在谓语动作之前不定式一. 动词不定式的基本构成：由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成肯定式：to do sth 否定式：not to do sth. 被动式：to be done 完成式：to have done二. 动词不定式的句法作用法动词不定式有副词，形容词和名词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语定语、状语等成份。作主语 不定式做主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词之前，谓语用单数。To see is to believe．___is your fault.（没按时到达是你的过错）常用it做形式主语，将to do放在位于之后，使句子保持平衡。如：句型1：It + 谓语 + to doIt takes us an hour ___ get there by bus.句型2：It’s + n. + to doIt’s our duty __ help the poor.It is a great enjoyment __ spend our holiday in the mountains句型3：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.It is impossible for us to get there on time.It is very kind of you to help us.It is + adj + for sb to do sth （是形容事物的性质的）It is + adj + of sb to do sth （是形容人的品质的）It is easy __ me to finish this work before ten. It is a great honor__ us to be present at your birthday party. It is very kind__ you to give me some help.Its impolite __ you to speak to the teacher like that.注意：其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。2.作宾语动词+不定式，接不定式做宾语 如：He managed to escape from the fire.练习：1. They wanted ____( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?2. He said he wished ______( be ) a professor.3. I agreed______ ( go ) there with the doctor.4. My daughter preferred ______ ( dance ) when she was in her twenties.5. He had promised ______ ( give ) me a hand.只能接不定式作