a hitchhikers guide to the mads world of plants尼世界漫游指南的植物.pdfVIP

Gramzow and Theissen Genome Biology 2010, 11:214 /2010/11/6/214 P R OT E I N FA M I LY R E V I E W A hitchhiker’s guide to the MADS world of plants Lydia Gramzow and Guenter Theissen* all major aspects of the life of land plants. h e MADS- Abstract domain family is characterized by the highly conserved Plant life critically depends on the function of MADS- DNA-binding MADS domain [1] (Figure 1a). h e MADS box genes encoding MADS-domain transcription domain is about 58 amino acids long and is encoded by a factors, which are present to a limited extent in nearly DNA sequence termed the MADS box. h e fi rst MADS- all major eukaryotic groups, but constitute a large gene box gene to be isolated was ARG80 from Saccharomyces family in land plants. There are two types of MADS-box cerevisiae (Table 1) [2]. h e term MADS-box gene, genes, termed type I and type II, and in plants these however, was coined later, after four subsequently charac- groups are distinguished by exon-intron and domain terized ‘founding family members’: MINICHROMOSOME structure, rates of evolution, developmental function MAINTENANCE 1 (MCM1) from S. cerevisiae, and degree of functional redundancy. The type I AGAMOUS (AG ) from Arabidopsis thaliana , DEFICIENS genes are further subdivided into three groups - Mα, (DEF) from Antirrhinum majus and SERUM RESPONSE Mβ and Mγ - while the type II genes are subdivided FACTOR (SRF) from Homo sapiens (Table 1) [3]. Recent into the MIKCC and MIKC* groups. The func