a role for sigma receptors in stimulant self administration and addictionσ的作用受体兴奋剂自我管理和上瘾.pdfVIP

Pharmaceuticals 2011, 4, 880-914; doi:10.3390/ph4060880 OPEN ACCESS pharmaceuticals ISSN 1424-8247 /journal/pharmaceuticals Review A Role for Sigma Receptors in Stimulant Self Administration and Addiction Jonathan L. Katz *, Tsung-Ping Su, Takato Hiranita, Teruo Hayashi, Gianluigi Tanda, Theresa Kopajtic and Shang-Yi Tsai Psychobiology and Cellular Pathobiology Sections, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: Jkatz@. Received: 16 May 2011; in revised form: 11 June 2011 / Accepted: 13 June 2011 / Published: 17 June 2011 Abstract: Sigma receptors (σRs) represent a structurally unique class of intracellular 1 1 proteins that function as chaperones. σRs translocate from the mitochondria-associated 1 membrane to the cell nucleus or cell membrane, and through protein-protein interactions influence several targets, including ion channels, G-protein-coupled receptors, lipids, and other signaling proteins. Several studies have demonstrated that σR antagonists block stimulant-induced behavioral effects, including ambulatory activity, sensitization, and acute toxicities. Curiously, the effects of stimulants have been blocked by σR antagonists tested under place-conditioning but not self-administ