9外部结构.pptVIP

* 外位语结构的处理 Extrapositive Structure 徐红新 * 汉语里，独立于句外，同时又和句中的某个成分指同一事物的成分叫外位语。使用外位语的目的在于突出某一事物，以引起别人的注意,或为了简化复杂的长句,使之结构严谨,关系清楚。 * 1. 对应法: 即套用汉语中含有外位语结构的句子框架。 王太太有三个儿子——一个当兵、一个上大学、一个读高中。 Mrs. Wang has three sons—one in the army, one in college, and the other in senior high school. * 清水涟漪的西湖、千姿百态的远山、弯弯曲曲的塔顶、古老典雅的寺庙，这一切都给杭州带来了仙境般的景色。 West Lake with its clear water, the distant hills in shades of green, the pagoda with curved roofs, the temples of old times—all these give Hangzhou an almost fairy land look. * 高耸的楼房、设备先进的学校、更多的猪鸡牛羊—在今天的农村我们处处看到的繁荣景象。 High-rised buildings, well-equipped schools, more pigs,chickens, cattle and sheep– everywhere in modern countryside we see signs of prosperity. * 我又碰上了约翰，他身才强壮，精神矍铄。 Again, I came across John– strong and high-spirited. 他的父母几乎同时死去，这是很可怕的。 It is dreadful that his father and mother died almost at the same time. 百花齐放，百家争鸣，这是促进艺术发展和科学进步的方针。 Letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend is the policy for promoting progress in the arts and science. * 她的脸发白了—白得象死人的脸一样。 Her face turned white—as white as a dead person’s. 万恶之源并不是金钱，而是金钱恋—过分贪婪的金钱恋。 It is not money, but the love of money—the excessive,covetous love of money, that is the root of all evil. * 把马克思列宁主义的普遍真理同我国的具体实际结合起来,走自己的道路，建设有中国特色的社会主义，这就是我们总结长期历史经验得出的基本结论。 * To integrate the universal truth of Marxism with the concrete realities of China ,blaze a path of our own, and build socialism with Chinese characteristic ---this is the basic conclusion we have reached in summing up the long historical experience. * 2. 拆句法：即将外位语结构改变成一个独立的句子或并立分句。 健全自己的身体，保持合理的规律生活，这是自我修养的物质基础。 Keep fit, lead a reasonable and regular life. This is the material basis for training. * 遇事想争个第一，而且能争到第一，这就不简单。 He not only wants to excel---he does excel. That’s not easy. * 要解决问题，还须作系统的周密的调查工作和研究工作，这就是分析过程。 In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation and study. This is the process of