石梁河水库分期汛限水位研究.docVIP

石梁河水库分期汛限水位研究 摘要：洪水资源利用是缓解缺水地区水资源紧张的一个有效途径，大中型水库在利用洪水资源时，一般需对汛期限制水位进行调整。本文选择江苏省连云港市的石梁河水库为研究对象，根据其防洪调度方式及判别条件，按照水库的具体情况统筹考虑与水库调洪有关的各种因素，基于水库现状汛期分期，推求水库各分期的设计洪水，然后通过调洪演算确定石梁河水库各分期的汛限水位，并对水库实施分期汛限水位后的效益进行了分析计算。结果表明，石梁河水库采取分期汛限水位以后，在几乎不增加额外成本的情况下，年均可增加蓄水量11125万m3，水库的洪水资源利用效益得到了显著的提高。 关键词：洪水资源利用；设计洪水；分期汛限水位；效益 Research on Limited Water Level by Stage of Shilianghe Reservior Abstract:The flood resources utilization is an effective way to alleviate water shortage on water-deficient areas.When making use of the flood resources on large and medium-sized reservoirs, limited water level during flood season is often adjusted. This paper took Shilianghe reservoir of Lianyungang city in Jiangsu province as the research case. Based on the flood control scheduling and discriminant conditions, according to the reservoir situation as a whole to consider various factors related to the reservoir flood, all stages of design flood for the reservoir was computed under the condition of the current situation of limited water level by stage. Then flood routing was calculated to determine the limited water level for all stages of Shilianghe reservoir. And the benefit of the limited water level by stage was analyzed.The Results show that after adopting limited water level by stage, average annual storage capacity is increased by 111.25 million m3 in the case of almost no extra cost, which significantly improved the benefit of flood resources utilization. Key words: The flood resources utilization; the design flood; limited water level by stage;benefit1 引言 随着我国社会经济的迅速发展，对地表水、地下水等水资源的开发利用已不能满足生产生活的需要[1]。洪水资源是具有极大开发潜力的淡水资源，一方面，淡水资源的紧缺制约了经济和社会的发展；另一方面每年在洪水泛滥时为了保护人民群众的生命财产安全又要全力以赴进行防洪排涝。这种缺水与洪涝并存的现象为我国洪水资源的开发利用提供了契机[2-3]。迄今为止，尽管国外还没有对水库分期汛限水位进行系统的研究，但有许多水库调度领域的应用实例。William W-G.Yeh（1985）全面回顾了水库调度中的诸多优化方法，并指出随机模拟调度的优越性[4]。Labadie J（2004）介绍了水库群的随机模拟及优化技术，并探究了神经网络及遗传算法等在水库调度中的应用[5]。水库分期汛限水位的研究在国内始于20世纪五六十年代，主要经历了两个阶段。第一阶段是采用现行分期设计洪水法，随后研究者对其提出了质疑。叶秉如（1995）指出，现行分期设计