公平观念取决于生存环境（The concept of fairness depends on the living environment）.docVIP

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公平观念取决于生存环境（The concept of fairness depends on the living environment）.doc

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公平观念取决于生存环境（The concept of fairness depends on the living environment）

公平观念取决于生存环境（The concept of fairness depends on the living environment） The idea of fairness depends on the living environment In early 80s, the anthropologist Kaplan Healy? (Hilly Kaplan) came to Paraguay, a study called Ache Hunter gatherers. He found a moral rule if Western standards to measure the tribe, so it looks incredible: Ache hunter always generous to share with others, they will contribute 90% of the carnivorous and collected 80% food and fruit. Ache tribes believed that, if a hunter ate their kill prey, be cursed. With the passage of time, Kaplan witnessed the sharing of culture gradually disappear. Due to rainforest being felled, Ache tribal people feel unable to keep hunting. They are in the land of the root, is indeed -- began farming life. And when they started service farming, stopped sharing. This story is very regrettable to reason. The hunters income is very unstable, they harvest today may be greater than the need to fill the stomach, but tomorrow may be nothing. Kaplan found that Ache tribal hunters hunting home, most are left with nothing whatsoever. The ratio of this terrible reckoning, a whole week what may not have a hunter every year. Even the experienced hunter, also largely depends on whether lucky -- of course, on the same day, the rest of the clan may have better luck. It is not difficult to understand, why is there such a powerful traditional share. On the contrary, less affected by individual farmers luck. The bad weather also affects the surrounding fields, so less risk sharing gains made by. And they may lose many things: insurers invented the concept of moral hazard, used to describe people because that their own insurance and become lazy situation. Share contributed to the emergence of a group of free riders. Therefore, a fair concept, perhaps we decide their own environment. The value share, farmers see the reuse of hard work in exchange for self-sufficiency. They are laudable virtues in the corresponding situations are reasonab