北京冬、夏季大气中棕碳研究-毕业论文.docVIP

北京冬、夏季大气中棕碳研究 摘要 随着时代的发展技术的革新，人们对大气气溶胶中的碳气溶胶的认识不断地提升，在对于吸光性的气溶胶有机碳——棕碳（brown carbon，BrC）了解也逐步的深入，BrC组成通常认为是焦油类物质（tarry materials）、HULIS（humic-like substances，类腐殖质）、和其他吸光性有机气溶胶3类，作为空气碳气溶胶中的重要组成成分之一。近年来全国的大面积的能见度降低，灰霾天气加剧，全球气候条件愈加恶劣，复杂的天气状况越是凸显，BrC在这碳气溶胶发挥着什么作用，对空气气候、温度、辐射强迫、吸光情况等产生了什么影响？为此人们迫切的需要对棕碳的来源、组成、吸光性以及测量方法等进行深入研究。特别是BrC的吸光性，城市中笼罩的灰霾是什么原因，BrC吸光量有没有影响，人们一直认为的仅有BC是空气气溶胶唯一的吸光性物质，由于BrC 的发现人们彻底改变了想法，BrC成为了继BC之后人们关注的焦点之一。空气中的气溶胶吸光情况受到很多影响，利用UV-VIS紫外-可见分光光度计有机溶性和水溶性的进行测定吸收系数（absorption coefficient，Abs），通过Abs进行计算MAE，对比各个地区的质量吸收效率（mass absorption efficiency，MAE）值，并通过数据拟合得出Angstrom指数（absorption angstrom exponent，AAE），参定北京冬夏季BrC吸光情况单位质量吸光情况。分析假定BC以及Mac值，计算空气气溶胶中的BrC对总吸光物质的吸收百分比bap，分析其吸光贡献，最后得出数据研究结果。虽然国际上棕碳的研究已经卓有成就，但是我国的棕碳研究仍处于初级，棕碳的研究仍需要进一阶段，作此研究为该领域的研究提供一定的参考和依据。 关键词棕碳气溶胶 Carbon Research Beijing in winter and summer atmospheric brown Abstract With the development of the times, the understanding of carbon aerosol in atmospheric aerosols has been continuously improved, and the understanding of the absorbable aerosol organic carbon-brown carbon (BrC) compositions are generally considered to be tarry materials, HULIS (humic-like substances), and other light-absorbing organic aerosols, which are one of the important constituents of airborne aerosols. In recent years, the countrys large area of visibility reduced, haze weather intensified, the global climate conditions worse, the more complex weather conditions highlighted, BrC in this carbon aerosol play what role on the air climate, temperature, radiation forced, What impact did the situation have? For this reason, there is an urgent need to study the origin, composition, absorbance and measurement methods of brown carbon. Especially the light absorption of BrC, the haze in the city is what reason, BrC absorbance has no effect, people have always thought that only BC is the only aerosols of air absorbance, because BrC found that people completely changed the idea , BrC became one of the focus of attention after BC. Th