走进mirna的大世界（Into the big world of miRNA）.docVIP

走进mirna的大世界（Into the big world of miRNA） Confessions of the first MicroRNA What is concentrated is the essence? All my life I have been talking about this philosophy. Although I was short of stature can, 42 pounds, I play in the life of the role can not be overlooked. If you want to know how much cattle I have, you have to do some research! MicroRNA said proudly...... Whos microRNA? MicroRNA can also be written as miRNA, is a small single stranded RNA 2125nt long. It is widespread in eukaryotes, a group of short sequences that do not encode proteins, and RNA itself does not have an open reading frame (ORF). Mature miRNA, 5 end has a phosphate group, and 3 end is hydroxyl. The gene encoding miRNAs was initially produced a long pri-RNA molecule, the molecule must be cut into early 70-90 bases, with hairpin structure of single stranded RNA precursor (pre-miRNA) and after enzyme Dicer processing production. Mature miRNA 5 end phosphate groups and 3 hydroxyl groups are the distinguished markers of the functional RNA degradation fragments of the same length. The first base of miRNA 5 has a strong tendency toward U (uridine) but is repelled by G, but second to fourth bases are lacking in U. Generally speaking, except for fourth bases, other bases are usually deficient in C. These molecules can be combined with mRNA molecules that complement their sequences and can sometimes bind to specific DNA fragments. The result of this combination is the silencing of genes. This is an important strategy for the body to regulate gene expression. Presumably, miRNA regulates 1/3 of human genes. The beginnings of miRNA research The study of miRNA began with timing regulation of small RNA (stRNAs). In 1993, Lee in Caenorhabditis elegans (Caenorhabditis elegan) were found in the first time regulation of post embryonic development gene lin-42002, second different Reinhart and C.elegan found in the nematode switch gene let-72001 in October science reported three laboratory from dozens of simi