recognition profile of emotions in natural and virtual faces识别的情感在自然和虚拟的面孔.pdfVIP

Recognition Profile of Emotions in Natural and Virtual Faces 1,3 1 2 1 3 1,4 Miriam Dyck *, Maren Winbeck , Susanne Leiberg , Yuhan Chen , Rurben C. Gur , Klaus Mathiak ¨ 1 Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany, 2 Center for Social Neuroscience and Neuroeconomics, University of Zurich, ¨ Zurich, Switzerland, 3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, 4 Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom Abstract Background: Computer-generated virtual faces become increasingly realistic including the simulation of emotional expressions. These faces can be used as well-controlled, realistic and dynamic stimuli in emotion research. However, the validity of virtual facial expressions in comparison to natural emotion displays still needs to be shown for the different emotions and different age groups. Methodology/Principal Findings: Thirty-two healthy volunteers between the age of 20 and 60 rated pictures of natural human faces and faces of virtual characters (avatars) with respect to the expressed emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, and neutral. Results indicate that virtual emotions were recognized comparable to natural ones. Recognition differences in virtual and natural faces depended on specific emotions: whereas disgust was difficult to convey with the current avatar technology, virtual sadness and fear achieved better recognition results than natural fa