原创力文档relative role of flower color and scent on pollinator attraction experimental tests using f1 and f2 hybrids of daylily and nightlily相对作用的花颜色和气味吸引授粉实验测试使用杂交f1和f2黄花菜和夜间.pdfVIP
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relative role of flower color and scent on pollinator attraction experimental tests using f1 and f2 hybrids of daylily and nightlily相对作用的花颜色和气味吸引授粉实验测试使用杂交f1和f2黄花菜和夜间
Relative Role of Flower Color and Scent on Pollinator
Attraction: Experimental Tests using F1 and F2 Hybrids
of Daylily and Nightlily
1 1 2 2 2 1
Shun K. Hirota *, Kozue Nitta , Yuni Kim , Aya Kato , Nobumitsu Kawakubo , Akiko A. Yasumoto ,
Tetsukazu Yahara1
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, 2 Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu
University, Gifu, Japan
Abstract
The daylily (Hemerocallis fulva) and nightlily (H. citrina) are typical examples of a butterfly-pollination system and a
hawkmoth-pollination system, respectively. H. fulva has diurnal, reddish or orange-colored flowers and is mainly pollinated
by diurnal swallowtail butterflies. H. citrina has nocturnal, yellowish flowers with a sweet fragrance and is pollinated by
nocturnal hawkmoths. We evaluated the relative roles of flower color and scent on the evolutionary shift from a diurnally
flowering ancestor to H. citrina. We conducted a series of experiments that mimic situations in which mutants differing in
either flower color, floral scent or both appeared in a diurnally flowering population. An experimental array of 6 66 potted
plants, mixed with 24 plants of H. fulva and 12 plants of either F1 or F2 hybrids, were placed in the field, and visitations of
swallowtail butterflies and nocturnal hawkmoths were recorded with camcorders. Swallowtail butterflies preferentially
visited reddish or orange-colored flowers and hawkmoths preferentially visited yellowish flowers. Neither swallowtail
butterflies nor nocturnal hawkmoths showed significant preferences for overall scent emission. Our results su
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