retrotransposon silencing by dna methylation can drive mammalian genomic imprinting逆转录转座子沉默通过dna甲基化可以驱动哺乳动物基因组印记.pdfVIP

Retrotransposon Silencing by DNA Methylation Can Drive Mammalian Genomic Imprinting 1 1 2 3 3 1 Shunsuke Suzuki , Ryuichi Ono , Takanori Narita , Andrew J. Pask , Geoffrey Shaw , Changshan Wang , 1 4 4 2 1* 3* Takashi Kohda , Amber E. Alsop , Jennifer A. Marshall Graves , Yuji Kohara , Fumitoshi Ishino , Marilyn B. Renfree , 5* Tomoko Kaneko-Ishino 1 Department of Epigenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan, 2 Genome Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka, Japan, 3 Department of Zoology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 4 Research School of Biological Sciences, the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, 5 School of Health Sciences, Tokai University, Bohseidai, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan Among mammals, only eutherians and marsupials are viviparous and have genomic imprinting that leads to parent-of- origin-specific differential gene expression. We used comparative analysis to investigate the origin of genomic imprinting in mammals. PEG10 (paternally expressed 10) is a retrotransposon-derived imprinted gene that has an essential role for the formation of the placenta of the mouse. Here, we show that an orthologue of PEG10 exists in another therian mammal, the marsupial tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii), but not in a prototherian mammal, the egg-laying platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus), suggesting its close relationship to the origin of placentation in therian mammals. We have discovered a hitherto missing link of the imprinting mechanism between eutheria