seasonal rainfall and runoff promote coral disease on an inshore reef季节性降雨和径流促进近海礁石珊瑚疾病.pdfVIP

Seasonal Rainfall and Runoff Promote Coral Disease on an Inshore Reef ¨ 1,2 3 1 2 2 Jessica Haapkyla *, Richard K. F. Unsworth , Mike Flavell , David G. Bourne , Britta Schaffelke , Bette L. Willis1 1 ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia, 2 Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia, 3 Biological Sciences Research Unit, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, United Kingdom Abstract Background: Declining water quality coupled with the effects of climate change are rapidly increasing coral diseases on reefs worldwide, although links between coral diseases and environmental parameters remain poorly understood. This is the first study to document a correlation between coral disease and water quality on an inshore reef. Methodology/Principal Findings: The temporal dynamics of the coral disease atramentous necrosis (AN) was investigated over two years within inshore populations of Montipora aequituberculata in the central Great Barrier Reef, in relation to rainfall, salinity, temperature, water column chlorophyll a, suspended solids, sedimentation, dissolved organic carbon, and particulate nitrogen, phosphorus and organic carbon. Overall, mean AN prevalence was 10-fold greater during summer wet seasons than winter dry seasons. A 2.5-fold greater mean disease abundance was detected during the summer of 2009 (44 6 SE 6.7 diseased colonies per 25 m2), when rainfall was 1.6-fold greater than in the summer of 2008. Two water quality parameters explained 67% of the variance in monthly disease prevalence in a Partial Least Squares regression analysis; disease abundance was negatively cor