力学话趣-奇妙的非牛顿流体（Mechanics, words, interest - wonderful non Newtonian fluids）.docVIP

力学话趣-奇妙的非牛顿流体（Mechanics, words, interest - wonderful non Newtonian fluids） This paper is first published in mechanics and practice, 1998, 20 (1): 72-74 Wonderful non Newtonian fluid Field (Department of mechanics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072) Newton published experimental results of one-dimensional shear flow with water as a working medium in 1687. The experiment is carried out when two parallel plates are filled with water (Fig. 1), and the lower plate is fixed The flat plate moves in its own plane at constant velocity U to the right. At this point, the velocities of the fluid particles attached to the upper and lower plates are U and 0, respectively, and the velocity between the two plates is linear. Thus obtained Newtons law of viscosity In the formula, tau is the effect on flat plane fluid shear stress, shear strain rate is du/dy, the slope. The viscosity coefficient. Based on the experimental law of Stokes in 1845, Newton made the stress tensor as a linear function of the strain rate tensor, the fluid isotropy, and the strain rate of three when the fluid remained at zero The hypothesis has been obtained. The linear constitutive equations are widely used in the study of fluid mechanics, and is now being widely used of the Navier Stokes equation. Later, it was known in further studies that the laws of Newtons viscous experiments (and the equations of equations established on this basis) describe fluids with low molecular weights such as water and air It is suitable to describe the fluid with high molecular weight, and the relationship between shear stress and shear strain rate is no longer linear. For the sake of distinction, shear stress is associated with A fluid that satisfies the linear relationship between shear strain rates is called a Newton fluid, and a fluid that does not satisfy a linear relationship is called a non Newton fluid. 1, various non Newtonian fluids Before the emergence of man, non Newtonian fluid existed because most biological fluid