pwm原理（PWM principle）.docVIP

pwm原理（PWM principle） Pulse width modulation (PWM) is the abbreviation of Pulse Width Modulation in English, referred to as pulse width modulation (PWM). It is a very effective technique to control analog circuits by using the digital output of microprocessors. It is widely used in measurement, communications, power control and transformation and many other fields. A kind of analog control, bias according to the corresponding changes in the load modulation transistor gate or base, to achieve transistor switching power supply output transistor turn-on time or a change, this way can make the power supply output voltage is kept constant in the work condition change. Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a method of digitally encoding analog signal levels. With the use of a high resolution counter, the duty cycle of the square wave is modulated to encode the level of a specific analog signal. The PWM signal is still digital, because at any given time, the full amplitude DC supply is either fully (ON) or completely (OFF). The voltage or current source is added to the analog load with a through (ON) or a (OFF) repetitive pulse sequence. When the DC power supply is added to the load, the time is broken when the power supply is disconnected. As long as the bandwidth is enough, any analog values can be encoded using the PWM. Most of the load (whether inductive or capacitive) requires a modulation frequency higher than 10Hz, usually between 1kHz and 200kHz. Many microcontrollers contain an internal PWM controller. For example, Microchips PIC16C67 contains two PWM controllers, each of which has a choice of turn-on time and cycle time. The duty cycle is the ratio of the turn-on time to the cycle; the modulation frequency is the reciprocal of the cycle. Before performing the PWM operation, the microprocessor requires the following tasks to be completed in the software: * setting the on-chip timer / counter cycle that provides modulation of the square wave * set the turn-on time in the