一般疑问句中几个情态动词的问与答.doc

情态动词g :①The proposal might have been refused. 这个建议本该拒绝的 (2) can / could + have done 含义1：表示对过去事实的推测。常译为：可能做了 附：通常用于疑问句和否定句。could有时可用于肯定句。 eg.①He cant /couldnt have watched TV yesterday for he knew they would have an exam. 昨天他不可能看电视，因为他知道快要考试了。 ②He didnt come to school yesterday. Can he have been ill? 他昨天没来学校，难道他生病了吗? 含义2. could + have done 可表示对过去能做而未做 （可译成：本来是可以……的 ） eg.①Why didnt Sophia apply for the job? She could have got it. 为什么索菲不申请这项工作？她本来是能得到的。 ②Given more time, we could have done the work better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们完全可以把这项工作干得更好。 (3) must + have done 含义1：具有较大的可能性。常译为：一定已经 eg.①His watch must have stopped. 他的表肯定停了。 含义2：用于虚拟语气中时，表示与过去事实相反。 eg.①He must have won the game if he had been careful enough. 如果他足够细心的话，他准能赢得比赛（事实上他没赢） 注意：在反意疑问句中，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的保持一致。He must be a worker, isn`t he? （现在）他准时个工人，是吗？It must have rained last night, didn`t it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？You must have learned English for many years, haven`t you? （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？ 含义1：表示本来应该做某事而实际上未做，对过去动作的责备或批评。 （shouldn’t have done则表示“本不应该做某事而实际上做了） eg.①You should have gone over your lessons. 你们应把功课复习好的。(可事实上你们没有。) ②You oughtnt to have entered the teachers office without permission 没有经过允许，你们本不该进老师的办公室。 含义2.表示期待或推测。（将来的事情） eg.①If the flight was on time, you should / ought to have arrived in Shanghai early this morning. 如果航班准点的话，你今早就能到上海了。 ②The building should / ought to have been completed by the end of the week. 这幢建筑物本周末前应该能完工。 （5）would + have done 含义：表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果。 eg.①I would have been happy to see him, but I didnt have time. 我会很高兴和他见面的，但我没时间见他。 ②If your father had still been alive, he would have felt very proud of you. 你父亲如果还健在的话，他会为你骄傲的。 (6) neednt have done 含义：用于对过去的责备，表示没有必要做某事，可是做了 附：只用于否定句 eg.①The airport is close to us. You neednt have hurried there early. 机场离这儿很近，你没必要早早地赶到那里。(可是你早早地到那儿了) ②He is still young. You neednt have sent him such an expensive present. 他还小，你没必要送他这么昂贵的礼物。 注意： 表示过去不必做也没有做之意，需用didnt need to do eg