题目传粉方式和果实类型对木本植物繁殖物候的影响.docVIP

DOI:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw201605001 传粉方式和果实类型对木本植物繁殖物候的影响 胡小丽,2，常朝阳1，杜彦君2* (1. 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院，陕西 杨凌712100; 2. 中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室，北京100093) 摘要: 本文利用谱系独立比较法(Phylogenetically Independent Contrasts, PIC)和Wilcoxon秩和检验法分析中国科学院植物研究所植物园(39°54′N, 116°12′E)中的84个物种170株个体的传粉方式和果实类型对木本开花时间和结实时间的影响，其中Wilcoxon秩和检验法检验的结果作为PIC检验结果的参考。主要研究结果有：(1)传粉方式显著影响植物开花和结实时间，风媒花植物比虫媒花植物开花和结实早；(2)果实类型对结实时间的影响在考虑和不考虑物种间系统发育关系时表现不同。当不考虑物种间系统发育关系时，肉质果实植物结实时间比非肉质果实植物早；(3)不同的传粉方式间以及不同的果实类型间植物的花果间隙期无显著差异，但本研究结果显示肉质果实植物结实时间比非肉质果实植物大约早20天。由此推论：(1)植物固有属性，如传粉方式和果实类型，会影响植物繁殖物候，且不同的属性影响强度不同；(2)与某一特定物候期或繁殖器官相关性大的属性对该物候期的影响可能更大，如传粉方式对开花时间的影响可能大于其对结实时间的影响，而果实类型对结实物候期的影响更大。 关键词：繁殖方式，传粉方式，果实类型，木本植物，谱系独立比较法 中图分类号：Q948, Q142 文献标识码：A 文章编号：201605001 English Title: Effects of pollination mode and fruit type on reproductive phenology of woody plants HU Xiao-li1,2, CHANG Zhao-yang1, DU Yan-jun2* College of Life Sciences, Northwest Agriculture Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; 2. State key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China) Abstract: we examined the effects of pollination mode and fruit type on the reproductive phenology of woody plant species at the Botanical Garden of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (39°54′N, 116°12′E). Phylogenetically Independent Contrasts (PIC) and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test were applied to analyze 170 individuals from 84 species, and the result of Wilcoxon Rank Sum test was in comparison with that of PIC as reference. Our results showed that pollination mode significantly influenced the reproductive phenology of woody plants. Wind-pollinated trees flowered and fruited earlier than insect-pollinated trees. Fleshy-fruit species fruited earlier than nonfleshy-fruit species, however this relationship disappeared when phylogeny was taken into consideration. Fruit type had no effect on flowering phenology. The intervals between flowering and f