【凤凰译林版】高英语基础知识【专题十一_从句】重点.pdfVIP

南京惟越教育中学(初高)课外辅导中心 专题十一 从句 一、名词性从句 I know something. I am right. I know that I am right 二、定语从句（形容词从句） My father is a man. He always keeps his words. My father is a man who always keeps his words. 三、状语从句（副词从句） He works hard He is in need of money He works hard because he is in need of money. 定 状 补 定语——修饰名词、代词。把它看成形容词，加“ 的”就行。 状语——修饰动词、形容词、副词。把它看成副词，加“地”就行。 补语—— 当你看到两个宾语，如果宾语A 与B 有逻辑上的主谓关系，其中一个就是宾补。否则就是 双宾。 They call him Ding Hao. “他”就是“丁皓” ，有逻辑上的主谓关系——丁皓是他的宾补 I give him a book. “他”不是“书” ，没有逻辑上的主谓关系——双宾 能带双宾的动词很少，一般都表示“给予”之类的意思。 定语从句 一、定语从句，就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到定语的作用，所以叫做定语从句。 二、示例 I have a pretty wife. I have a wife who\that is pretty. I have a big house. God helps those who help themselves. 第 1 页，共 14 页 南京惟越教育中学(初高)课外辅导中心 I have a house that\which is big 三、关系代词做句子成分 That which who whom whose as 关系副词不做句子成分 Where(job field situation case) when why 四、什么是成分？ 主语+谓语 I work. I sleep （不及物） 主语+系动词+表语 John is busy. I am Joy 主语+谓语+宾语 she studies English. I see you 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 Time would prove me right 主语+谓语+宾语1+宾语2 my mother made me a new dress. 五、例： This is BJ____________ is beautiful. This is BJ____________ I visited. This is BJ____________ I lived. There is a house______________roof is broken. 横线后是谓语，那么明显做主语 谓语(及物）后横线，缺宾语 六、做主语，形容物———that which 做主语，形容人———that who 做宾语，形容物———that which 不填 做宾语，形容人———that whom 不填 七、特殊情况  不用that 的情况 1、______ , which\who\whom (非限定性） God helps those who help themselves. 第 2 页，共 14 页 南京惟越教育中学(初高)课外辅导中心 2 、in （介词）+which\whom 介词后不用  只能用that 的情况 1、修饰词（only very the best the first)+先行词+that 2 、不定代词（something nobody all)+