从氧化洗净残渣中提取铟的工艺的分析研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 针对某铜厂大量的氧化洗净残渣没有实现真正开路处理的问题，本文介绍了一种成分类 似于硫化铜矿的洗净残渣的加压浸出—萃取提铟的湿法处理工艺。氧化洗净残渣中的铟、铜、 铁等多种金属主要以硫化物的形式存在，若采用常规的工艺，铟的回收率低。采用此工艺技 术，由于生产清洁、流程简化、铟回收率高的特点，将有望取代传统的提铟工艺。 本文在综述提铟工艺及其相关材料的基础上，分析了国内外提铟技术的研究现状。首先 分析了氧化洗净残渣加压浸出热力学和动力学基础，考察了浸出温度、搅拌转速、硫酸浓度、 氧分压、木质素磺酸钠用量、液固比、浸出时间对铟浸出率的影响。结果表明，在合适的浸 出条件下，铟的浸出率能达到90% 以上。 对铟铁分离及铟的富集工艺进行了试验研究，研究结果表明：对加压浸出液进行还原和 预中和，三价铁在1.0g ·L-1 以下。在溶液中通过中和沉淀法富集铟，尽量降低溶液中三价铁 的含量，能达到有效的铟铁分离并得到富铟渣。最后对萃取铟进行了试验研究，在同样的萃 取条件下，还对两种途径萃取铟的实验结果进行了比较。认为采用分步法提取铟有明显的优 势。萃取与反萃条件：有机相组成为 20%P204+80%煤油；酸度为 0.7mol ·L-1；萃取温度为 室温（25 ℃）；萃取级数为3 级；相比O/A= 1/ 10；萃取时间为5min 及反萃铟条件为O/A=10/ 1， 3 mol ·L-1HCI 为反萃剂；3 级反萃；室温；混合澄清时间为5min 的条件下，铟的萃取率达 到97% 以上，反萃率达到98% 以上。并制备了纯度大于90%的粗铟产品。 关键词：氧化洗净残渣；铟；加压浸出；铟浸出率；富集；萃取 I the technical study on indium extraction from Oxidized scrubbing residue Abstract According to the status quo that a large amount of Oxidized scrubbing residue in a certain copper Smelter has no real way to deal with ,this paper introduced one process in a similar way to deal oxidized scrubbing residue with pressure leaching—extract the indium by hydrometallurgical process.In oxidized scrubbing residue Indium,copper,iron and so on,mainly in the form of sulfide,adopting the conventional process,the recovery ratios of indium is lower.Adopting the new process,because it has cleanly production process,simple process and high indium recovery totally,it is hopeful to replace the traditional process of indium. This paper summarizes the Process of indium and its correlative data,and analyzes that there are some investigation papers in the in-country and overseas. First of all,it investigates the base of the kinetics and thermodynamics of the pressure leaching,and discusses the leaching temperature, the agitation rotational speed, the