宾语从句及练习.docxVIP

主从复合句（二）宾语从句：中考考点：对宾语从句的考查一般为其语序、引导词及其从句的时态知识结构：宾语从句的引导词that, if, whether, wh-疑问词 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的时态 宾语从句与简单句的转换（一）宾语从句的引导词 1. that引导的宾语从句 由that引导的宾语从句，表示陈述语气，that没有任何含义，在句子中不做任何成分，往往省略不写。如：I know (that) you have met him. 我知道你曾经见过他。I told him (that) he was wrong. 我告诉了他他是错误的。 Tom said (that) he bought a new computer last week. 汤姆说他上周买了一台计算机。I think (that) Mary is the best student in her class. 我认为玛丽是她的班里最好的学生。 注意：① 当that引导几个并列关系的宾语从句时，最后一个that不能省略；在主从之间有插入语时，that也不能省略。如： He thought (that) he was strong and that only he could help them. 解析：第一个that可以省略，但是第二个that不能省略。It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.解析：on this card是插入语，所以that不能省略。 ② 在宾语从句中，当主语的谓语动词是think, believe, expect, imagine, suppose等表示思维活动的动词时，且主句的主语又是第一人称时，宾语从句的否定词通常要移到主句中，即否定主句的谓语动词，也就是所谓的 “否定前移”。如：I don’t think you are right.Idon’t believe he has finished his work. 注意：当这些否定前移的主从复合句变反义疑问句时，反义疑问句的主、胃语要与从句的主、谓语一致。I don’t believe he is a student, is he? We don’t think Tom is right, is he? ③ 许多带复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。 结构：主语 + 及物动词 + it (形式主语) + 宾语补足语 + 由that引导的宾语从We think it wrong that he never does anything by himself. We thought it a pity that she missed the chance. 2. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句表示不肯定或疑问时，由whether, if引导，表示 “是否”“是不是”“能否”一般可以互换 He asked if/whether she would come. She asked me if/whether she could join us.I don’t know if/whether my father will come back next week. 注意： ① 当从句中有or (not) 时，不可以用if来取代，只能用whether例如：I don’t know whether he will come or not.I would like to know whether he will go or stay. ② 从句作介词宾语时，不可以用if来取代，只能用whether。例如： They are talking about whether he will come or not. Everything depends on whether you agree with us. 3. 由wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句 如果宾语从句是由特殊疑问句转化来的，要用wh-特殊疑问词来引导，意义即为疑问词本身的含义。 Tell me what you want. You may ask him when he comes. Do you know when the meeting will